Dragomanov Mikhail Petrovich (18 (30) .09.1841 – 20.06 (02.07) .1895), Ukrainian bourgeois liberal journalist, historian, folklorist, social activist. From the petty nobility.
In 1859-63 he studied at the Kiev University those from 1864 privat-docent. Active figure Kiev masses. In 1875, fired from the Univ of politically "unreliable". In 1876 he emigrated to Switzerland. From 1878 he published the collection in Geneva, and then log "Gromada" in Ukrainian language, as well as works by Alexander Herzen, Shevchenko, Panas Mirny, etc.
In 1880, first published in pamphlet Belinsky's letter to Gogol. Since 1889 a professor at Sophia University. Attitudes and activities Dragomanova contradictory. Dragomanov understand the public process as a postulate, the development of ideas. Petty-bourgeois socialism Dragomanova was a kind of utopian socialism, 60's and 70's. 19.
Dragomanov opposed centralization as a means of political and national oppression. Political constraints Dragomanova be seen in his program of national cultural autonomy. The ideal of government for Dragomanov a Western European parliamentary system in conjunction with the Zemsky movement, which Dragomanov saw support for the fight against the tsarist government. Foremost in the work Dragomanova is journalism, the main theme of which – the struggle against national and social enslavement of the peoples of the tsarist government Russian and Austro-Hungary. Defending the right of the Ukrainian people to develop their national culture, Dragomanov opposed the bourgeois-nationalist plans for separation of Ukraine from Russia. However Dragomanov not understand the meaning of the struggle of the Polish revolutionaries against the tsarist autocracy.
Dragomanov created a number of works on the history of Ukraine: "History of Poland and the Great Democracy," "Forward to the word" Gromada ", etc. In general, studies of the Ukrainian and Slavic folk Dragomanov stuck mostly to the theory of borrowing. The author of the works' historical songs Little Russian people" (t . 1-2, 1874-75, Joint. with VB Antonovich), "New Ukrainian songs about social events 1764-1880" (1881). As a literary critic Dragomanov fought for approval of realism in Ukrainian literature, ethnic groups, for unity Ukrainian and Russian literatures.
While noting the positive features in the works and social activities Dragomanova criticized him for political constraints as the Social Democrats and representatives of the revolutionary-democratic trend in the liberation movement, which criticized Dragomanov from the standpoint of bourgeois liberalism. Cit.: Sobre. political writings, v. 1 – 2, Paris, 1905-06; Rozvedki Michael Dragomanova about ukrainsku People slovesnist, v. 1 – 4, Lviv, 1899 – 1906; Shevchenko, ukrainofili i soschalizm. [Peredm. I. Frank], Lviv, 1906; Political Song UKRAINIAN people XVIII – XIX century. 3 uvagamya Dragomanov, Geneva, 1883-85; Literary publitsistichi pratsi, v. 1 – 2, K., 1970. Lit.: VI Lenin, Collected Works, Vol. coll. cit.,. 5 Vol., V. 5 pp. 28-30, 42-45, etc. 24, pp. 143-145; v. 25, pp. 297 – 98; v. 46, pp. 134-35; Lunacharsky AV Shevchenko, and Dragomanov in Sat: In Memory of Michael Dragomanova. 1895-1920, Har., 1920; Franco, I., Zhittepis Dragomanov, "inhabitants i word", 1894, v. 1; his, Sustlno-politic look Dragomanov, "Literaturno-naukovy quilted jacket", 1906, v. 35; Zaslavsky, D., Romanchenko I., MP Dragomanov, K., 1964, Essays on the history of historical science in the USSR, v. 2, Moscow, 1960.